Chronic Fatigue Syndrome,
Fibromyalgia, and Autoimmune Dysfunction
Treatment of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
with Neurofeedback and Self-Hypnosis: A Case
Report
D. Corydon
Hammond, Ph.D. University of Utah, School of Medicine
Research suggests that there may be two
clusters of chronic fatigue patients: A group with relatively rapid
onset and no psychiatric symptom history, and a group with a gradual
onset and a significant history of depression and other psychiatric
disturbance. It has been suggested that the former may represent
patients most likely affected by a virus. This paper describes the
treatment of a young woman with more rapid onset CFS without a
psychiatric history. QEEG results will be presented showing a mild
left frontal theta excess. This was treated with three sessions
weekly with a Lexicor neurofeedback unit utilizing a protocol to
increase 12-15 Hz while inhibiting theta frequencies at F3. Within
only a few sessions, symptomatic improvement was occurring. Two
efforts to increase 15-18 Hz activity resulted in unpleasant
responses. After 15 sessions and considerable improvement, the
patient had a training session with a Roshi unit utilizing photic
stimulation, reinforcing 12-15 Hz while inhibiting theta. Her
immediate post-session response was: "The other sessions have been
good, but this was terrific." A few subsequent sessions with
traditional neurofeedback received continued positive responses, but
her strong subjective response was that treatment with Roshi was
clearly more powerful. The patient was found to frequently have very
cold hands (70's and low 80's). Subsequently she began doing daily
self-hypnosis, gradually being able to warm her hands to 94 degrees
after self-hypnosis. Regular evaluations were conducted using the
Profile of Mood States, which showed excellent improvement in Vigor
and decreases in Fatigue and Confusion as treatment progressed. The
patient has used a light/sound device on 14 Hz stimulation for 15
minutes twice daily as a follow-up maintenance procedure, reporting
very positive results. It has also been important to counsel her to
not "overdo," and to maintain balance in her activity level.
Periodic follow-up reinforcements and evaluations have occurred
confirming maintenance of progress.
A Trial of 18 Hz AVS on Attention and
Concentration in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.
David L. Trudeau, M.D.
Introduction: The effect of AVS on
symptoms of decreased attention and concentration was studied in an
uncontrolled open clinical trial in members of a CFS support
group.
Methods: Volunteer subjects completed
written informed consent and received 60 daily sessions of AVS at a
target frequency of 18Hz. Pre and post intervention QEEG's, Beck
depression scale, Magill pain questionnaire, T.O.V.A., DSM-IV ADHD
symptom checklist were done. None of the subjects had Wender Utah
criteria for childhood ADHD.
Findings: Out of 15 subjects registered
in the study only 3 were found to have normal QEEG's in terms of
amplitude abnormalities. The dominant abnormal pattern is high
occipital and parietal beta, (9/15) and the second most dominant
paten is high occipital delta (3/15)- these changes appear to be
unrelated to medication. As of this writing, 10 subjects have
completed the study. Following 60 daily sessions of 15 minutes of
AVS at 18HZ there is a significant decrease in Beck depression
inventory scores from an average of 17 to 9 (p<.05) and DSMIV
impulsivity-hyperactivity criteria from 3 out of 9 to 0 out of 9
(p<0.01). Consistent with the decrease in self assessed
impulsivity is a trend toward decreased measured impulsivity on the
T.O.V.A. Anecdotally subjects reported onset of dreaming and
improved sleep and higher energy levels, but no instrument was used
to assess sleep quality.
Discussion: These results are based on
a very small sample and although promising, should be viewed as
preliminary. One possible interpretation of the finding of high beta
relative amplitude is that people with CFS have QEEG findings
similar to those seen in persons on chronic sedative medication.
This may be a reflection of toxic events in the brain, or could also
be explained by medication effect, since most subjects in this study
were on multiple medications. Focus may be improved following AVS,
and depression symptoms may be improved. Clearly more study is
required, and further trials should include sleep assessment.
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